And for once, the "objectivity" of the flashback convention feels both legitimate artistically and morally creepy because we repeatedly have access to his immediate past which our hero's brain crucially denies him.Je Suis Un Phenomene, by contrast, focuses on the real-life case of a person, the Russian memory man, Solomon Shereshevsky, whose problem was that he could remember everything but had little power to make the abstractions from experience on which "intelligence" depends. There was a humanely unreductive sense of awe and mystery in Brook's multi-media evocation of this figure's inner world: the video monitors flashing up the multiplicity of synaesthetic associations involving colour, shape and taste that enabled him to recite uncomprehendingly a long passage from The Divine Comedy. The protagonist of Memento would, perhaps too readily, agree with the head of a memory-enhancement institute in Saul Bellow's Bellarosa Connection who claims that "Memory is life". To be unable to forget anything, though, would be close to a living hell..

Congestion charging to relieve Britain's traffic-choked beauty spots and city centres is set to start in the autumn. Congestion charging to relieve Britain's traffic-choked beauty spots and city centres is set to start in the autumn.

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Pilot schemes to encourage more use of public transport by imposing charges on motorists entering part of the Peak District and the centre of Durham are likely to come into force by October. The projects are the first to take advantage of the new Transport Act, which came into force last month and allows local authorities to impose charges on drivers to combat traffic jams and pollution.The two trial schemes could be the vanguard for a series of charging projects. At least five other cities, including Bristol and Leicester, are also considering imposing tolls for roads and workplace parking.Local authorities and the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, which has to approve the schemes, said such large-scale plans would not be in place until 2003 at the earliest.But the imminent arrival of smaller schemes in Durham and the Derwent dams area of the Peak District in Derbyshire mean motorists may soon be paying to use previously free roads. Durham County Council is consulting businesses and residents on plans to cut traffic around the city's historic Market Place and Sadler Street by charging each vehicle £2 between 10am and 4pm.

Funding is already in place for an improved bus service to the area, which also includes access to Durham's cathedral, university and chorister school.A council spokesman said: "This is something we have been looking at since 1997 but we have not been able to do anything because we were waiting for the legislation.In Derbyshire, officials are putting finishing touches to proposals for charging on a road used by 400,000 tourists every summer to visit the Peak District National Park. The charge will be up to £3 a day at weekends and bank holidays.Some 26 councils on a working group set up last year by the DETR to study the implementation of congestion charging are interested in setting up their own schemes. The systems fall between road tolls, imposed either by a sophisticated vehicle-tagging system or old-fashioned toll booths, and the more controversial option of charging for workplace parking.In Bristol, transport officials are drawing up proposals for an electronic toll system by 2005 which will charge commuters entering the city from 7am to 11am during weekdays. Leicester may impose company car park charges again by 2005.The Greater London Authority and city councils in Nottingham, Derby and Birmingham are also planning congestion charging schemes, although firm proposals are not imminent.The DETR, anxious not to fuel ill-feeling among motorists, underlined that it was up to councils to bring forward schemes, the revenue from which must be ploughed back into public transport and cannot be used purely as revenue-raising schemes..

Oil firms and the government were under increasing pressure last night to ensure that the sharp fall in the price of crude oil is properly reflected at the petrol pumps. Oil firms and the government were under increasing pressure last night to ensure that the sharp fall in the price of crude oil is properly reflected at the petrol pumps. Shell announced a cut of 1p per litre yesterday. This follows the decision by a number of supermarket chains to cut their prices by a penny, bringing the cost of unleaded down to 77.8p for Sainsbury's, 78p for Tesco and 75.8p for the northern-based chain Morrisons. Asda chopped 1.2p off its prices last week.Consumer groups demanded that Gordon Brown should intervene should the firms fail to cut prices further.

The Chancellor stressed last autumn that he wanted a fall in crude oil prices to be passed on to drivers as quickly as possible.However, oil firms are due to meet the Energy minister, Helen Liddell, later this month to discuss pricing, and, according to Whitehall sources, no government action is envisaged until then.Although petrol pump prices now average 78.4p a litre they are still about 3p a litre higher than wholesale prices which have plummeted from $34 (£24) a barrel at the height of September's crisis to under $24. Since last January, the wholesale price paid by fuel firms has dropped from 11.3p a litre to 11.1p. Over the same period, the average forecourt price of unleaded has risen from 75.4 pence to 79.9p. And although Excise duty had gone up by 1.6p and VAT by 0.7p the petrol firms earnings had risen from 5.7p to 8p.Other oil companies are expected to follow Shell. However, yesterday evening BP, Esso, Texaco and TotalFinaElf were holding back from announcing cuts while insisting their prices would remain "competitive".Petrol retailers insisted they could not could prices fall much further unless the Chancellor reduces fuel taxes, and warned of further crippling fuel protests across the country if he does not. Ray Holloway, of the Petrol Retailers' Association, said: "The percentage of tax in the retail price during the protests was 76 per cent and that has now risen to 79 per cent," said "That figure is the very reason why prices cannot fall much further in the UK - it won't be until you see a change in Government policy that that could occur."If there was reason to protest in September there will certainly be reason for protesters to start all over again in the spring."David Handley, the chairman of Farmers for Action and a key player in September's fuel protests, raised the prospect of renewed demonstrations.